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--- vikings [2021/08/12 04:17]
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+++ vikings [2023/02/27 01:29] (current)
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 ==== Horned helmets ====
-The popular image of horned helmets of Viking warriors emerged in the 19th century, probably borrowing horned helmets from Bronze Age finds a time much earlier than the Vikings. [([[https://www.history.com/news/did-vikings-really-wear-horned-helmets|History]])]
+The popular image of the horned helmets of Viking warriors emerged in the 19th century, probably borrowing horned helmets from Bronze Age finds a time much earlier than the Vikings. [([[https://www.history.com/news/did-vikings-really-wear-horned-helmets|History]])]
 ==== Sacrifices to Odin ====
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 ==== Ivar the Boneless ====
 Ragnar's son, Ivar the Boneless, attacked England in 865 at the head of a large Viking army, conquered Northumbria and York, and thus set the stage for regular Viking settlement in the area. Described in the Ulster Annals as "the king of all Scandinavians", he suffered from a condition similar to congenital bone brittleness or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. [([[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ivar-the-Boneless|Britannica]])]
+==== Scandinavian seafarers ====
+Vikings were Scandinavian seafarers who lived during the Viking Age, which lasted from the late 8th century to the mid-11th century. [([[https://www.history.com/topics/exploration/vikings-history|History]])]
+==== Etymology ====
+The word "Viking" comes from the Old Norse word "vikingr", which means "pirate" or "raider". [([[https://www.quora.com/unanswered/What-is-the-definition-of-a-Viking-Where-does-the-word-come-from-and-why-is-it-still-used-to-describe-ancient-Scandinavian-raiders-and-traders|Quora]])]
+==== Longships ====
+Vikings were known for their seafaring skills and their longships, which were sleek, fast vessels that could sail in shallow waters and could be easily maneuvered. [([[https://www.marineinsight.com/types-of-ships/what-are-viking-ships/|Marine Insight]])]
+==== Armory ====
+Vikings were skilled warriors who wore chainmail, helmets, and carried shields and weapons such as axes, swords, and spears. [([[https://englishhistory.net/vikings/viking-clothing-weapons/|English History]])]
+==== Traders and settlers ====
+Vikings were not just raiders, but also traders and settlers. They established settlements in places such as Iceland, Greenland, and even North America (Vinland). [([[http://realscandinavia.com/raiders-traders-and-settlers-a-brief-history-of-the-vikings/|Real Scandinavia]])]
+==== Hierarchical society ====
+Viking society was hierarchical, with kings and chieftains at the top, followed by warriors, farmers, and slaves. [([[https://www.hurstwic.org/history/articles/society/text/social_classes.htm|Hurstwic]])]
+==== Women's rights ====
+Women had more rights in Viking society than in many other medieval societies. They could own property, inherit from their parents, and even divorce their husbands. [([[https://en.natmus.dk/historical-knowledge/denmark/prehistoric-period-until-1050-ad/the-viking-age/the-people/women/|Nationalmuseet i København]])]
+==== Skilled craftsmen ====
+The Vikings were skilled craftsmen who produced intricate jewelry, woodcarvings, and metalwork. [([[http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/ancient-art/viking.htm|Encyclopedia of Ancient Art]])]
+==== Skilled poets and storytellers ====
+The Vikings were also skilled poets and storytellers, and their mythology and sagas continue to inspire art and literature today. [([[https://www.followthevikings.com/discover/culture/viking-literature-and-the-oral-tradition|Follow the Vikings]])]
+==== Religion ====
+Vikings were pagan and worshipped gods such as Odin, Thor, and Freya. However, they were also exposed to Christianity through their raids and trade, and many eventually converted. [([[https://www.historyextra.com/period/viking/viking-christianity-christians-pagans-norse-society-religious-conflict/|History Extra]])]
+==== Complex legal system ====
+The Vikings had a complex legal system based on a combination of custom, tradition, and written law codes, such as the Icelandic sagas. [([[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ZxqokKqS6E&ab_channel=WeirdHistory|YouTube]])]
+==== Burial tradition ====
+Vikings were known for their elaborate burials, which included grave goods such as weapons, jewelry, and even ships. [([[https://www.asncvikingage.com/burial-practices|ASNC Viking Age]])]
+==== Blots ====
+Vikings had a tradition of holding large feasts called "blots" to honor their gods, celebrate victories, and make important decisions. [([[https://sciencenorway.no/christmas-history-literature/heres-how-vikings-celebrated-christmas/1788632|Science Norway]])]
+==== Skilled navigators ====
+The Vikings were skilled navigators who used the stars, sun, and landmarks to navigate. They also had a system of using "sunstones" to navigate on cloudy days. [([[https://sciencenordic.com/denmark-history-society--culture/how-vikings-navigated-the-world/1377436|Science Nordic]])]
+==== Legacy ====
+The legacy of the Vikings can be seen in many aspects of modern Scandinavian culture, such as language, art, and even government systems. [([[http://www.sourcinginnovation.com/archaeology/Arch07.htm|Sourcing Innovation]])]
 {{tag>history culture geography}}

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