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--- submarines [2021/02/01 13:54]
rapidplatypus [Typhoon class - biggest submarine]
+++ submarines [2023/01/16 06:17] (current)
aga
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 ====== Submarines ======
-===== Alligator - Civil War =====
+==== Alligator - Civil War ====
+Alligator was a submarine designed by the French that was deployed during the American Civil War by the Union. It was 47 feet long and four feet in diameter. [([[https://sanctuaries.noaa.gov/alligator/|Natural Marine Sanctuaries]])]
-//Alligator// was a submarine designed by the French that was deployed during the American Civil War by the Union. It was 47 feet long and four feet in diameter.
+==== Typhoon class - biggest submarine ====
-[([[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_submarines#American_Civil_War|Wikipedia]])].
+With a submerged displacement of 48,000 tonnes, a length of 574ft (175m), and a beam of 75ft (23m), Project-941 Akula class (NATO reporting name Typhoon) nuclear-powered submarines are the largest ever made. They could reach 27 knots (50km/h) while submerged and stay underwater for over 120 days. [([[https://www.naval-technology.com/features/feature-the-worlds-biggest-submarines/|Naval Technology]])]
+==== 20 R-39 ballistic missiles ====
+They could carry 20 R-39 ballistic missiles, each with 10 nuclear warheads. This means that each (of the six ever built) Typhoon-class submarines were able to sneak to almost any place in the world undetected and launch nuclear warheads to 200 separate targets in a 5,200-mile (8,300 km) range in a short period of time. With a blast yield of 100-200 kt of TNT each(which is 10 times more powerful than the atomic bombs used in Hiroshima and Nagasaki), they were capable of annihilating entire countries. [([[https://web.archive.org/web/20120202043352/http://missilethreat.com/missilesoftheworld/id.155/missile_detail.asp|Missile Threat]])]
-===== Typhoon class - biggest submarine =====
+==== TK-208 Dmitry Donskoy ====
-With a submerged displacement of 48,000 tonnes, a length of 574ft (175m) and a beam of 75ft (23m), Project-941 Akula class (NATO reporting name Typhoon) nuclear-powered submarines are the largest ever made[([[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhoon-class_submarine]])]. They could reach 27 knots (50km/h) while submerged and stay underwater for over 120 days.
+Today only one Akula, TK-208 Dmitry Donskoy, remains in service. [([[https://www.forbes.com/sites/hisutton/2020/08/23/last-typhoon-can-the-worlds-largest-submarine-still-destroy-the-world/|Forbes]])]
-They could carry 20 R-39 ballistic missiles[([[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-39_Rif]])], each with 10 nuclear warheads. This means that each (of the six ever built) Typhoon-class submarines were able to sneak to almost any place in the world undetected and launch nuclear warheads to 200 separate targets in a 5,200-mile (8,300 km) range in a short period of time. With a blast yield of 100-200 kt of TNT each[([[https://web.archive.org/web/20120202043352/http://missilethreat.com/missilesoftheworld/id.155/missile_detail.asp]])] (which is 10 times more powerful than the atomic bombs used in Hiroshima and Nagasaki), they were capable of annihilating entire countries.
+==== Cornelius Drebbel ====
+The first submarine was built in 1620 by Dutch inventor Cornelius Drebbel. [([[https://www.history.com/news/9-groundbreaking-early-submarines|History]])]
-Today only one Akula, TK-208 Dmitry Donskoy, remains in service[([[https://www.forbes.com/sites/hisutton/2020/08/23/last-typhoon-can-the-worlds-largest-submarine-still-destroy-the-world/]])].
+==== Confederate submarine H. L. Hunley ====
+The first successful military submarine was the Confederate submarine H. L. Hunley, which sank a Union ship during the American Civil War in 1864. [([[https://www.businessinsider.com/confederate-civil-war-submarine-hunley-first-sub-to-sink-warship-2021-2?IR=T|Business Insider]])]
+==== USS Nautilus ====
+The first nuclear-powered submarine was the USS Nautilus, which was commissioned in 1954. [([[https://www.history.navy.mil/browse-by-topic/ships/submarines/uss-nautilus.html|Naval History and Heritage Command]])]
+==== 800 feet ====
+Submarines can operate at depths of up to 800 feet (240 meters). [([[https://navalpost.com/how-deep-can-a-submarine-dive/|Naval Post]])]
+==== Strategic asset in naval warfare ====
+Some submarines are equipped with missile launchers, making them a strategic asset in naval warfare. [([[https://www.jstor.org/stable/2538886|JSTOR]])]
+==== Staying submerged ====
+Submarines can remain underwater for extended periods of time, with some able to stay submerged for months at a time. [([[https://www.quora.com/How-long-can-a-submarine-stay-underwater|Quora]])]
+==== Buoyancy ====
+Submarines use a ballast system to control their buoyancy, allowing them to submerge and surface. [([[https://science.howstuffworks.com/transport/engines-equipment/submarine1.htm|How Stuff Works]])]
+==== Soviet Navy's Typhoon Class ====
+The largest submarine ever built was the Soviet Navy's Typhoon Class, which was 170 meters long and had a displacement of 48,000 tons. [([[https://www.discoveryuk.com/building-big/the-biggest-submarines-in-the-world/|Discovery UK]])]
+==== Periscope ====
+Submarines use a periscope to view the surface and a sonar system to detect other vessels and underwater obstacles. [([[https://www.marineinsight.com/naval-architecture/different-systems-on-a-naval-submarine/|Marine Insight]])]
+==== Dry decks ====
+Some submarines are equipped with dry decks, allowing them to launch and recover underwater vehicles while still submerged. [([[https://man.fas.org/dod-101/sys/ship/docs/990100-drydeck.htm|Deep Submergence Program Office]])]
+==== Largest submarine fleet ====
+The US Navy has the largest submarine fleet in the world, with 72 submarines in active service. [([[https://www.sublant.usff.navy.mil/About-Us/Submarine-Facts/|Submarine Force Atlantic]])]
+==== Nuclear-powered submarines ====
+Submarines can be classified into two main types: nuclear-powered submarines and diesel-electric submarines. [([[https://www.epa.gov/radtown/nuclear-submarines-and-aircraft-carriers|Environmental Protection Agency]])]
+==== Battle of the Atlantic ====
+Submarines played a crucial role in World War II, particularly in the Battle of the Atlantic. [([[https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-the-Atlantic|Britannica]])]
+==== Silent Service ====
+The US Navy uses the term "Silent Service" to refer to its submarine force. [([[https://www.uso.org/stories/3060-what-you-should-know-about-the-u-s-naval-submarine-force|USO]])]
+==== Scientific research and exploration ====
+Submarines are also used for scientific research and exploration, as well as for oil and gas exploration. [([[https://encounteredu.com/cpd/subject-updates/learn-more-how-are-submarines-used-for-deep-ocean-exploration|Encountered Edu]])]
+{{tag>military history science}}

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