Mao Zedong, born on December 26, 1893, in Shaoshan, Hunan Province, China.¹⁾

was a Chinese Communist revolutionary and the founding father of the People's Republic of China.²⁾

He was the son of a wealthy farmer and grew up in a rural peasant household.³⁾

Mao's early education was sporadic, but he eventually attended a teacher training college.⁴⁾

He later worked as a librarian at Peking University, where he was introduced to Marxist ideas.⁵⁾

Mao was a founding member of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), established in 1921.⁶⁾

He became the chairman of the CCP in 1935 and remained in power until his death in 1976.⁷⁾

Mao led the Long March, a strategic military retreat undertaken by the CCP in 1934-1935 to evade the Kuomintang forces.⁸⁾

Mao's leadership during the Long March solidified his position within the CCP and earned him widespread support among party members.⁹⁾

In 1949, Mao proclaimed the establishment of the People's Republic of China, becoming its first chairman.¹⁰⁾

Under Mao's rule, China underwent significant social, economic, and political transformations.¹¹⁾

Mao implemented land reforms and redistributed land to peasants, aiming to eliminate feudalistic practices and empower the rural population.¹²⁾

He launched various campaigns, such as the Great Leap Forward (1958-1962), aimed at rapidly transforming China into an industrialized socialist society.¹³⁾

The Great Leap Forward resulted in economic mismanagement and famine, causing millions of deaths due to starvation.¹⁴⁾

Mao's cult of personality reached its peak during the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976), a socio-political movement aimed at purging perceived capitalist and traditional elements from Chinese society.¹⁵⁾