Goguryeo was a kingdom that ruled across the north and center of the Korean peninsula. Its territory extended into Manchuria, encroaching on Sui Dynasty territory. The Sui forces vastly outnumbered the Goguryeo. General Mondeok carried out a strategy. The goal was to repel Sui forces before retreating to the Salsu River, where the Goguryeo had set a trap. The river had been blocked, allowing the Sui to join the shallow water. When they did, the Goguryeo breached the dam and drowned a large number of Sui men. The remainder were readily vanquished. ¹⁾

Beginning in 1931, Japan conquered Chinese territory. The Chinese made repeated attempts to free themselves. The Japanese Imperial Army invaded farther into China in 1937 in order to suppress Chinese nationalism. Wuhan, China's second largest city at the time, was crucial to the uprising. Through air supremacy, Japan scored a decisive victory, killing or capturing the majority of Chinese ships and aircraft. Their ground troops, on the other hand, were mostly intact, although the Japanese army suffered significant losses. The Chinese army was then able to contribute to Japan's defeat in World War II. ²⁾

The Battle of Kiev was one of the USSR's worst defeats of the war. Soviet forces were stationed near Kiev on the Southwestern front. The troops stationed at the front were crucial to German forces, but they were concentrated on pushing towards Moscow. When Hitler discovered that the Soviet troops in Kiev were in trouble, he shifted his forces from Moscow to Kiev. The German forces surrounded the Soviet troops, cutting off supplies and reinforcements. Thousands of Kiev citizens were killed in bombing raids. ³⁾

Most people know this conflict as D-Day, which is commemorated every year on June 6. In 1940, France surrendered to Germany. By 1943, the United States had entered the war. The Allies were preparing to launch an invasion of Nazi-occupied territory. They started the operation by targeting German airfields and manufacturing facilities. Later, amphibious craft assisted by fighter planes and naval guns landed on the beaches of Normandy. Within two months, the majority of the German soldiers had been captured or murdered. ⁴⁾

This clash is regarded as the decisive war that resulted in the unification of all Chinese states. Zhao was one of the most powerful nations still fighting against Qin, which controlled much of western China. All other competitors had been defeated by the Qin. In terms of military strength, there wasn't much of a difference between the two. The Qin general, on the other hand, duped the Zhao into a trap, separating their soldiers into two controllable divisions. The Zhao surrendered after 46 days. ⁵⁾

Throughout the history of France, the city of Verdun has served as a significant military bastion. It is located on the Meuse River and is flanked by several forts and a citadel. The German army believed it could conquer the Meuse Heights, a high elevation from which to launch an artillery attack on the city. ⁶⁾